润滑油在使用过程中会逐步老化变质这是必然的规律。老化变质有两种情况：一种是正常的老化变质；另一种为因受水污染等异常因素的异常变质。进行润滑油使用状态监控，可及时掌握油品的技术状态，预防设备润滑事故发生，延长油品使用寿命。
It is an inevitable rule that lubricating oil will gradually deteriorate in use. There are two kinds of aging metamorphism: one is normal aging metamorphism; the other is abnormal metamorphism due to abnormal factors such as water pollution. Monitoring the use of lubricating oil can timely grasp the technical status of oil products, prevent equipment lubrication accidents and extend the service life of oil products.
监控的方法
Monitoring method
⑴抽查操作人员执行设备润滑“五定”规范标致。
(1) spot check the operators to implement the "Five Rules" for equipment lubrication.
⑵采样观察油品的外观情况，检查油品的颜色、透明度、气味等情况。
(2) take samples to observe the appearance of oil products, and check the color, transparency, smell, etc. of oil products.
⑶定期进行粘度、闪点、水份、酸値（或碱值）等能反映油品质量变化的关键理化指标。
(3) regularly carry out viscosity, flash point, water content, acid value (or alkali value) and other key physical and chemical indexes that can reflect the change of oil quality.
⑷没有试验室的可以进行水份爆音试验和斑迹试验等。
(4) if there is no laboratory, water explosion test and spot test can be carried out.
⑸用现代化仪器分析。如用红外光谱仪测定油中添加剂变化的情况，用铁谱仪或ICP发射光谱测定油 中金属磨粒或元素变化。仪器分析快捷准确，对发电机组等大型关键设备的润滑管理有很重要的意义。
(5) analysis with modern instruments. For example, the change of additives in oil is measured by infrared spectrometer, and the change of metal wear particles or elements in oil is measured by Ferrograph or ICP-AES. The instrument analysis is fast and accurate, which is of great significance to the lubrication management of large-scale key equipment such as generator set.