铁谱仪原理和方法
The principle and method of Ferrography
铁谱仪技术的基本原理和方法就是用铁谱仪把混于润滑油(或液压油)中的磨屑和碎屑分离出来，并按其尺寸大小依次、不重叠地沉淀到一块透明的基片上(即制作谱片)，在显微镜下观察，以进行定性分析(指对磨粒的形态特征、尺寸大小及其差异等表面形貌及成分进行监测和分析)。利用加装在铁谱显微镜上的光密度计，还可以对谱片上大小磨粒的相对含量进行定量分析，也可用计算机对磨屑进行图像处理，以获取磨屑的有关参数。摩擦学的研究表明，磨粒的类别和数量的多少及增加的速度与摩擦面材料的磨损程度及磨损速度有直接的关系;而磨粒的形态、颜色及尺寸等则与磨损类型、磨损进程有密切关系。因此铁谱分析法在判断磨损故障的部位、严重程度、发展趋势及产生的原因等方面能发挥全面的作用。
The basic principle and method of the ferrography technique is to separate the debris and debris mixed in the lubricating oil (or hydraulic oil) by the ferrospectrometer and precipitate to a transparent substrate in size and size, in order to make a qualitative analysis under a microscope (the morphological characteristics and ruler of the abrasive particles). The size and the difference of surface morphology and composition were monitored and analyzed. Using the light densitometer added on the ferrography microscope, the relative content of the size abrasive particles on the sheet can be analyzed quantitatively, and the computer can be used to image the debris to obtain the related parameters of the debris. The study of tribology shows that the type and quantity of the abrasive particles and the speed of the increase have a direct relationship with the wear degree and wear speed of the material of the friction surface, and the shape, color and size of the abrasive particles are closely related to the wear type and the process of wear. Therefore, ferrography can play a comprehensive role in judging the location, severity, development trend and causes of wear fault.