铁谱仪的分类及应用

Classification and application of Ferrography

铁谱仪广泛应用于各行业的内燃机、燃气轮机、齿轮箱、轴承、液压系统等大型机器和零部件的磨损检测工作。常见的铁谱仪包括直读式铁谱仪、分析式铁谱仪、旋转式铁谱仪和在线式铁谱仪。

Ferrography is widely used in the wear testing of large machines and parts, such as internal combustion engines, gas turbines, gear boxes, bearings, hydraulic systems and other parts of the industry. The common ferrospectrometer includes the direct reading ferrography, the analytical ferrography, the rotating Ferrography and the on-line ferrography.

(1)直读式铁谱仪

(1) direct reading ferrography

直读式铁谱仪由主机与趋势分析软件组成，其原理是将磨粒有序沉积在沉积管内，利用光电转换原理，测出表征油液样品中大磨粒浓度和小磨粒浓度的各项技术值，并绘出铁谱参数曲线，以判断机器磨损变化的进程和趋势。

Direct reading Ferrograph by the host and trend analysis software, the principle is the abrasive orderly deposited in the tube, photoelectric conversion principle, measure the technology of large particle concentration and the concentration of particles in the sample characterization of oil value, and draw the ferrography parameter curve, to determine the machine wear change process and trend.

直读式铁谱仪广泛应用于各类机器系统的磨损监控和润滑油油品评定工作，也可用于对设备的摩擦状态及磨损机理进行研究。因此，它是实现机器工况监测、设备故障定位和进行微粒摩擦学研究的重要仪器。

Direct reading ferrography is widely applied to wear monitoring and lubricating oil evaluation of all kinds of machine systems, and it can also be used to study the friction state and wear mechanism of the equipment. Therefore, it is an important instrument to realize machine working condition monitoring, equipment fault location and particle tribology research.

(2)分析式铁谱仪

(2) analytical ferrography

分析式铁谱仪是最早开发出来的铁谱仪，它包含了铁谱技术的全部基本原理。分析式铁谱仪用于分离机器润滑油样中的磨粒，并使磨粒依照尺寸大小有序地沉积在显微镜玻璃基片上，形成铁谱片，并利用铁谱显微镜等观测和分析仪器，实现对磨粒的定性、定量铁谱分析。

The analytical ferrospectrometer is the first developed ferrospectrometer, which contains all the basic principles of Ferrography. Analysis of Ferrography for separating machine lubricating oil in abrasive abrasive, and in accordance with the size and orderly deposited on microscope glass substrate, the formation of ferrography, and using ferrography microscope observation and analysis instrument, spectrum analysis to achieve qualitative and quantitative iron on the abrasive.

(3)旋转式铁谱仪

(3) rotating ferrography

旋转式铁谱仪的基本原理是把从机械设备上采集到的油样一滴一滴地滴到旋转磁台中心处，由于离心作用油滴向四周流散，油样中的磨粒在环形的高梯度磁场作用下以同心同环的形式沉积在玻璃基片上，从而形成铁谱仪。

The basic principle of rotary ferrography is the kind of oil from mechanical equipment collected in drops to the rotating magnetic center, due to the centrifugal effect of oil drops to around the dispersion of oil sample grains in the ring high gradient magnetic field in the form of concentric ring deposition on glass the substrate, thereby forming ferrography.